IQ 86
What does an IQ of 86 mean?
86 sits in the middle of the Low Average band. Here is where that puts you on the curve, how common it is, and what the score does and does not predict.
Short answer
An IQ of 86 is below average. It is higher than about 17.5% of people, which puts it at the 17.5 percentile. About 1 in 6 people score 86 or lower, and the WAIS-IV labels it Low Average (80 to 89). It is 0.93 standard deviations below the mean of 100.
Specimen · IQ 86
86IQ
- Classification
- Low Average
- Percentile
- 17.5
- Rarity
- 1 in 6
- z-score
- −0.93
Curious where you would land? IQ Octopus estimates your IQ from 25 visual puzzles in about 12 minutes.
| Percentile | 17.5 |
| Share scoring 86 or lower | 17.5% (about 1 in 6) |
| Out of 1,000 people | about 175 at or below |
| Standard deviations from the mean (z) | -0.93 |
| WAIS-IV classification | Low Average (80 to 89) |
| Same percentile, SD 16 scale | 85 |
| Same percentile, SD 24 scale | 78 |
What an IQ of 86 means on the scale
Modern IQ tests report a deviation IQ: scores are standardized so the mean is 100 and the standard deviation is 15 within each age group (Wikipedia: Intelligence quotient). On that scale 86 is 0.93 standard deviations below the mean. It sits inside the 85 to 115 range, where about 68% of people score. (the 68-95-99.7 rule)
In a room of 30 people your age, about 5 would be expected to score 86 or lower. Put another way, about 82 out of every 100 people score above 86.
The Low Average band: 80 to 89
The WAIS-IV labels 80 to 89 as Low Average (Wikipedia: IQ classification). About 15.6% of people score here: below the Average band but within about one and a third standard deviations of the mean.
Part of the band still counts as typical by the other common yardstick. About 68% of people score between 85 and 115 (the 68-95-99.7 rule), so 85 to 89 are inside that range and 80 to 84 just outside it. 86 is inside the typical range.
Scores in this range are sensitive to the conditions of the test. Being tired, rushed, distracted or new to this kind of puzzle can cost several points, and a single online session cannot separate those effects from ability.
Where 86 sits inside the band
86 is 6 points above the floor of the Low Average band (80) and 3 points below its ceiling (89). Of the people who score in this band, about 52% score below 86.
Clinical IQ scores carry measurement error of around plus or minus 5 points at 95% (Wechsler, 2008). A measured 86 is consistent with a true score anywhere from 81 to 91, which is the 10.3 to 27.4 percentile. That range spans two labels, Low Average and Average, so the band name is the least certain part of the result. A short online test has a wider range than a clinical one, so read any single number as the middle of a span.
What an IQ of 86 does and does not predict
A score in this band describes performance on timed reasoning puzzles. It says nothing on its own about your knowledge, practical skills, character or what you can learn with time and practice.
Across large groups, the links are real. General intelligence at age 11 correlated 0.81 with exam results at 16 in about 70,000 English children (Deary, Strand, Smith & Fernandes, 2007), a review of 85 years of workplace research put the link with job performance at 0.51 (Schmidt & Hunter, 1998), and a 2007 meta-analysis found correlations of about 0.56 with education and 0.23 with income (Strenze, 2007). Those describe tendencies across many people. None of them let anyone predict an individual life from one number. The guide to what IQ predicts explains what a correlation of that size means.
Same score, different tests
Older Stanford-Binet forms used a standard deviation of 16, and the Cattell Culture Fair III scale uses 24 (Wikipedia: IQ classification). The same percentile as 86 on a standard-deviation-15 test reads as about 85 on the first and 78 on the second, so check which scale a number is on before comparing scores from different tests.
Nearby scores
| IQ | Percentile | Rarity | Classification |
|---|---|---|---|
| IQ 75 | 4.8 | 1 in 21 | Borderline |
| IQ 80 | 9.1 | 1 in 11 | Low Average |
| IQ 83 | 12.9 | 1 in 8 | Low Average |
| IQ 84 | 14.3 | 1 in 7 | Low Average |
| IQ 85 | 15.9 | 1 in 6 | Low Average |
| IQ 87 | 19.3 | 1 in 5 | Low Average |
| IQ 88 | 21.2 | 1 in 5 | Low Average |
| IQ 89 | 23.2 | 1 in 4 | Low Average |
| IQ 90 | 25.2 | 1 in 4 | Average |
| IQ 95 | 36.9 | 1 in 3 | Average |
| IQ 100 | 50 | 1 in 2 | Average |
IQ 85 · IQ 87 · every score on the IQ chart · IQ percentile calculator · the seven classification bands
Sources
- Intelligence quotient. Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_quotient
- IQ classification. Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ_classification
- 68-95-99.7 rule. Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/68%E2%80%9395%E2%80%9399.7_rule
- Wechsler, D. (2008). WAIS-IV Technical and Interpretive Manual. Pearson.
- Deary, I. J., Strand, S., Smith, P., & Fernandes, C. (2007). Intelligence, 35(1), 13-21. doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.02.001
- Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1998). Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 262-274. doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.262
- Strenze, T. (2007). Intelligence, 35(5), 401-426. doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.09.004